TY - CHAP A1 - Fechner, Hubert A1 - Bründlinger, C. A1 - Mayr-Braun, C. A1 - Ogimoto, K. A1 - Frederiksen, K. A1 - Kropski, B. A1 - Graditi, G. A1 - MacGill, F. A1 - Turcotte, D. A1 - Perret, L. T1 - Bringing Together International Research On High Penetration Photovoltaics In Electricity Grids – The New Task 14 Of The IEA-Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme T2 - 25th PV World Conference / Valencia (Spain) KW - Photovoltaics Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Prüggler, Natalie A1 - Bremberger, Christoph T1 - A regulatory innovation incentive for alternative grid structure design options T2 - In Proceedings / 20th USAEE IAEE North American Conference / Energy and the Environment: Conventional and Unconventional Solutions, Calgary (Canada) KW - Smart Grids Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fechner, Hubert A1 - Lugmaier, Andreas T1 - Nationale Technologieplattform Smart Grids Austria – intelligente Stromnetze für die zukünftige Energieversorgung T2 - e&i KW - Smart Grids KW - Energy Supply Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fechner, Hubert A1 - Brunner, Helfried T1 - Smart Grid Roadmap For Austria T2 - CIRED Workshop, Lyon (France) KW - Smart Grids Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fechner, Hubert A1 - Watt, Greg T1 - Photovoltaic market and industry trends – latest results from the IEA PVPS Program T2 - e&i KW - Photovoltaics Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fechner, Hubert T1 - High Penetration Photovoltaics in Electricity Grids T2 - Invited lecture at 45th IEEE-International Conference on Microelectronics, Devices and Materials, Postojna (Slovenia) KW - Photovoltaics Y1 - 2019 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bhat, Karthik Subramanya A1 - Ganglbauer, Johanna A1 - Bosch, Elina T1 - Techno–economic simulation and evaluation of scalable ‘energy cells’ locally generating renewable energy JF - e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik N2 - The ERA-Net SES project Regional Renewable Energy Cells (R2EC) [1] aims at developing a scalable system for decentralized, interacting ‘energy cells’ with a high concentration of locally generated renewable energy. ‘Energy cells’ are essentially Renewable Energy Communities (ECs) in the European context. The system aims at maximizing the utilization of locally generated renewable energy through Electrical Storage (ES) as well as high-electric applications like e‑heating, Heat Pumps (HPs), and E‑Vehicles (EVs). The system is also designed to interact with other energy cells locally, thus, improving the utilization of locally generated energy. A variety of different adjacent energy cells in three countries, Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), and Norway (NO), are analyzed, and the results are used for the development of regional and renewable energy cell systems. This approach aims at developing tailor-made solutions that meet the different local and regional requirements and the electrical energy demand of the observed energy cells. A unique opportunity is created, as the three countries are at varying levels of regional development in the field of energy communities, and the regional requirements and conditions differ significantly. A comprehensive investigation of the technical and economic viability of the ECs in the three regions is conducted on a simulation level. The technical simulation results show an increased self-consumption of individual users and the overall cell in all of the observed testbeds, while the economic analysis shows economic benefits at varying levels in each of the observed testbeds. The implemented R2EC system ascertains both technical and economic viability in the observed testbeds. KW - Energy Cells KW - Renewable energy KW - Energy Communities KW - Self-consumption Y1 - IS - 139 SP - 612 EP - 620 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lang, Moritz T1 - The mechanism of scale-invariance JF - Automatica N2 - A system is invariant with respect to an input transformation if we can transform any dynamic input by this function and obtain the same output dynamics after adjusting the initial conditions appropriately. Often, the set of all such input transformations forms a Lie group, the most prominent examples being scale-invariant (, ) and translational-invariant () systems, the latter comprising linear systems with transfer function zeros at the origin. Here, we derive a necessary and sufficient normal form for invariant systems and, by analyzing this normal form, provide a complete characterization of the mechanism by which invariance can be achieved. In this normal form, all invariant systems (i) estimate the applied input transformation by means of an integral feedback, and (ii) then apply the inverse of this estimate to the input before processing it in any other way. We demonstrate our results based on three examples: a scale-invariant “feed-forward loop”, a bistable switch, and a system resembling the core of the mammalian circadian network. KW - Invariant systems KW - Normal form KW - Adaptive systems KW - Transmission zeros Y1 - VL - 140 IS - June 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hagauer, Josef A1 - Matlschweiger, Ulrich A1 - Tippelreither, Christian A1 - Lutz, Markus A1 - Hribernig, Thomas A1 - Lackner, Maximilian T1 - Controlling Metal Fires through Cellulose Flake Blanketing Followed by Water Spray Cooling JF - Fire N2 - The traditional methods of fighting metal fires are not always safe for firefighters. The sand and salts that are thrown onto the fire to suffocate the flames can lead to splashes of molten metal, putting the firefighters and the surroundings at risk. A novel process is described where magnesium fires are brought under control using a simple two-step process. First, coated cellulose flakes, which contain approx. 30% inorganic salts, are blown onto the fire from a distance of several meters. Due to its low bulk density, the material settles smoothly on the fire and immediately covers the flames for several seconds. Before the hot metal can break through this cover, a fine water spray is applied to the fire. The water spray wets the top layer of the cellulose flakes, which will begin to char from the bottom. The water evaporates from within the cellulose flake layer and withdraws heat. It was observed that no hydrogen is formed and that this technique can safely control fires. It is judged that 90 kg of flakes could safely bring a pile of 75 kg of burning Mg flakes under control. By using a pneumatic conveying unit for the flakes, firefighters can effectively and efficiently cover the flames from a safe distance. This novel method could be recommended to firefighters in industrial magnesium processing plants, as well as local firefighters in the vicinity of such plants. KW - magnesium fire KW - metal fire KW - suffocation Y1 - U6 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire5030083 VL - 5 IS - 3 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wöber, Wilfried A1 - Kefer, Martin A1 - Kubinger, Wilfried A1 - Szuegyi, Daniel T1 - Evaluation of Daylight and Thermal Infra-Red based Detection for Platooning Vehicles T2 - Annals of DAAM for 2012 and Proceedings of the 23rd International DAAM Symposium KW - Vehicle KW - Thermal Detection Y1 - 2019 SP - 719 EP - 722 ER -