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Equipping rooms used for medical purposes, like e.g., intensive care units,
is an expensive and time-consuming task. In order to avoid extensive subsequent
adjustments due to inappropriate layout visualization or geometric conditions
difficult to identify in 2D plans, it is of utmost importance to provide an optimal
planning environment to future users such as physicians and nurses. In this paper
we present the concept of a fully automatized pipeline, which is designed to
visualize computer aided design (CAD) data using virtual reality (VR). The
immersive VR experience results in improvement of efficiency in the decision-
making process during the planning phase due to better spatial imagination. The
pipeline was successfully tested with CAD data from existing Intensive Care Units.
The results indicate that the pipeline can be a valuable tool in the field of spatial
planning in healthcare, due to simple usage and fast conversion of CAD data. The
next step will be the development of a plugin for CAD tools to allow for interactions
with the CAD models in Virtual Reality, which is not yet possible without manual
intervention
A Model-Based Approach for Remote Development of Embedded Software for Object Avoidance Applications
(2023)
Connecting material degradation and power loss of PV modules using advanced statistical methodology
(2023)
Using nylon bag techniques, Cornell net carbohydrates and protein systems (CNCPS), and scanning electron microscopy, the authors examined the digestibility and structure of Vicia ervilia (ervil, bitter vetch) after steam flaking, roasting, and microwave processing. During the in situ technique, the samples were incubated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, and 48 h. For the description of the ruminal DM (dry matter) and CP (crude protein) degradation kinetics of treated and untreated Vicia ervilia, different models were selected as the best fit for the dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradation parameters of steam flaked samples. The results showed that both the steam flaking and microwave treatment samples contained high levels of non-protein nitrogen and buffer soluble protein, respectively. In comparison with steam flaking and microwave treatment, roasting decreased and increased the buffer soluble protein and neutral detergent insoluble protein, respectively. The control treatments showed the highest levels of neutral detergent soluble protein and the lowest levels of acid detergent soluble protein. Moreover, steam flaking and roasting decreased and increased the amount of acid detergent insoluble protein, respectively. When using dry heat (microwave and roasting), the acid detergent soluble and insoluble protein fractions were increased. As a result of this experiment, the nitrogen fractions were altered using heat processing. Hence, protein fermented feed and ruminal fermentation conditions can be expressed using these results.
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Potential of Lavender Meal and Essential Oil for Dairy Cows
(2023)
This research aims to evaluate the potential of lavender meal (LM) and lavender essential oil (LEO) to mitigate methane emissions by dairy cows. Locally grown lavender was collected fresh for this purpose, and its oil was extracted using the cold-press method. The resultant LEO and LM and whole lavender (WL) were added to dairy cow concentrate feed at 0%, 0.05%, and 0.10%, and their effects on vitro gas production values and gas concentrations were subsequently assessed. Out of the 30 bioactive compounds isolated from LEO, linalool and linalyl acetate were the most common—accounting for 70.4% of the total. The lavender dose had a significant influence on gas production for up to 12 h. No significant variations were found across the lavender forms when gas kinetics, in vitro degradability, and predicted energy values were compared. The addition of WL to the concentrate feed of dairy cows produced the greatest quantities of methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide, whereas LEO resulted in the lowest values. In contrast, no significant difference in ammonia content was found across the various lavender forms added into dairy cow concentrate feed. The results of this research suggest that adding 0.05–0.10% LM and LEO to concentrate feed may decrease greenhouse gas emissions from dairy cows.
We explore the different notions of completeness applied in the EPR discussion following and amending the thorough analysis of Arthur Fine. To this aim, we propose a classification scheme for scientific theories that provides a methodology for analyzing the different levels at which interpretive approaches come into play. This allows us to contrast several concepts of completeness that operate on specific levels of the theory. We introduce the notion of theory completeness and compare it with the established notions of Born completeness, Schrödinger completeness and bijective completeness. We relate these notions to the recent concept of ????-completeness and predictable completeness. The paper shows that the EPR argument contains conflicting versions of completeness. The confusion of these notions led to misunderstandings in the EPR debate and hindered its progress. Their clarification will thus contribute to recent debates on interpretational issues of quantum mechanics. Finally, we discuss the connection between the EPR paper and the Einstein–Rosen paper with regard to the question of completeness.
DC/DC-Konverter wandeln eine Eingangsspannung in eine Ausgangsspannung. In diesem Beitrag werden drei solche Konverter behandelt, die aus den drei Grundschaltungen hergeleitet sind. Im Gegensatz zu den Originalstrukturen sind diese nur für einen geringeren Spannungsübersetzungsbereich geeignet, haben aber den Vorteil, dass die elektronischen Schalter immer bei Strom null schalten und die Dioden nicht zwangsweise, sondern immer von selbst ausschalten. Die Gewinnung der Konverterschaltungen wird erläutert, und die Funktionsweisen werden durch mathematische Beschreibung, durch Skizzen und mithilfe des uZ-i-Diagramms erklärt. Weiters werden einige mögliche Erweiterungen der Schaltungen gezeigt.
The use of fault detection and tolerance measures in wireless sensor networks is inevitable to ensure the reliability of the data sources. In this context, immune-inspired concepts offer suitable characteristics for developing lightweight fault detection systems, and previous works have shown promising results. In this article, we provide a literature review of immune-inspired fault detection approaches in sensor networks proposed in the last two decades. We discuss the unique properties of the human immune system and how the found approaches exploit them. With the information from the literature review extended with the findings of our previous works, we discuss the limitations of current approaches and consequent future research directions. We have found that immune-inspired techniques are well suited for lightweight fault detection, but there are still open questions concerning the effective and efficient use of those in sensor networks.
This study aimed to assess the impact of essential oils (EOs) on in vitro gas formation and the degradability of dairy and beef cattle diets. This study also aimed to investigate the effects of different types of EOs on nutrient utilization and rumen microbial activity. The current study was conducted using a fully randomized design consisting of eight experimental treatments, including two control treatments without any additives, and treatments with cinnamon essential oil (CEO), flaxseed essential oil (FEO), and lemon seed essential oil (LEO) at a concentration of 60 mg/kg fresh mass. Two control treatments were used, one with alfalfa silage and dairy concentrate (DC, CON-DC) and the other with alfalfa silage and fattening concentrate (FC, CON-FC). Gas formation, dry matter (DM) digestibility, crude protein (CP) digestibility, effective degradability (ED), and soluble fractions of DM and organic matter (OM) were evaluated. CEO had a substantial effect on gas formation (p < 0.05). When EOs were added to the diets, they increased dry matter digestibility after 24 h of incubation as compared to control treatments. After 24 h of incubation, FCCEO and FCFEO had the highest CP digestibility among the diets. FCLEO considerably enhanced ED, as well as the soluble fraction of DM (a) at a passage rate of 2% per hour. Treatment with FCCEO resulted in a significant increase in soluble fractions compared to the control diets. At a passage rate of 2% h, DCCEO had the maximum ED value. When EOs were introduced to the diet, they dramatically decreased the insoluble portion of CP (b). Compared to the control treatments, gas production was significantly lower in the presence of LEO (FCLEO; p < 0.05). The addition of EOs to cattle diets may increase nutrient utilization and enhance rumen microbial activity. EOs extracted from lemon seeds (at a dose of 60 mg/kg of diet) lowered gas production in both dairy cattle and fattening diets.
Short-term Incentives of Research Evaluations: Evidence from the UK Research Excellence Framework
(2023)
Cyclic Tensile Stress Induces Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy and Myonuclear Accretion in a 3D Model
(2023)
Skeletal muscle is highly adaptive to mechanical stress due to its resident stem cells and the pronounced level of myotube plasticity. Herein, we study the adaptation to mechanical stress and its underlying molecular mechanisms in a tissue-engineered skeletal muscle model. We subjected differentiated 3D skeletal muscle-like constructs to cyclic tensile stress using a custom-made bioreactor system, which resulted in immediate activation of stress-related signal transducers (Erk1/2, p38). Cell cycle re-entry, increased proliferation, and onset of myogenesis indicated subsequent myoblast activation. Furthermore, elevated focal adhesion kinase and β-catenin activity in mechanically stressed constructs suggested increased cell adhesion and migration. After 3 days of mechanical stress, gene expression of the fusogenic markers MyoMaker and MyoMixer, myotube diameter, myonuclear accretion, as well as S6 activation, were significantly increased. Our results highlight that we established a promising tool to study sustained adaptation to mechanical stress in healthy, hypertrophic, or regenerating skeletal muscle.