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Automatic classification of a full-thickness macular hole in optical coherence tomography images
(2023)
As IoT systems have increased the number of deployed embedded devices drastically and most of these devices are used in safety or security critical environments, the education of embedded software engineers is more important than ever. A critical part of their education is the development of their intuition for secure and safe software. In this paper 1 1 This research was funded by the city of Vienna (MA-23 call 21, project no. 9). we present an evaluation system used to generate fast and accurate feedback for student submission in, but not limited to, embedded software development courses. The system can be used as a first feedback loop to outline to the students where problems exist in their code and give them the opportunity to analyze and correct their errors. These extra steps ensure that the students can and will be notified early about their mistakes and can search for correct solutions, supporting the student's learning process. We present the implementation of the system and analyze its deployment in a microcontroller software development lecture. This analysis was done by means of surveys of the students and lecturers as well as a statistical analysis of the student submissions. The results show that the students made use of this extra features and even would prefer to have this feedback in other software development lectures as well.
The healthcare sector is growing in importance as people continue to age and pandemics complicate the boundary conditions of such systems. The number of innovative approaches to solve singular tasks and problems in this area is only slowly increasing. This is particularly evident when looking at medical technology planning, medical training and process simulation. In this paper a concept for versatile digital improvements to these problems by using state of the art development methods of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) are presented. The programming and design of the software is done with the help of Unity Engine, which provides an open interface for docking with the developed framework for future work. The solutions were tested under domain specific environments and have shown good results and positive feedback.
Tapped inductor DC-to-DC converters are interesting circuits, the winding ratio of the two windings mounted on the same core change the voltage transformation ratio compared to the untapped inductor. The tapped inductor converters are especially useful, when high or low voltage transformation ratios have to be realized. The disadvantage of this concept is that the coupling between the two windings is not total and can be described by the stray or leakage inductance. This stray inductance leads to a high overvoltage at the active switch, and therefore also across other elements of the converter. After a short summery of the ideal tapped Boost converter, the design of an RCD snubber which limits the overvoltage is explained. To improve the efficiency of the converter two active snubber networks are treated, which feed the energy stored in the snubber capacitor into the input source or into the output circuit. Simulations are used to prove these considerations.
Electrolytic capacitors have the disadvantage of
pronounced aging. Non-electrolytic capacitors are therefore used
in applications where long-life is important. In this paper we
present a driving stage for LEDs without any capacitive
elements. The basic topology is a Buck converter with one coil,
one active, and one passive switch. Instead of the output
capacitor, series connections of one or more LEDs and an active
switch are connected. An additional diode is connected between
the output and the input to achieve a current path, when all LED-
paths are off. A nonlinear hysteresis controller is used to achieve
a robust control. A system with three switchable LED-strings is
analyzed. Design hints are given and the function is proved with
the help of LTSpice simulations. The system can be used for
lighting purposes with the possibility to change the chrominance.
The potentiality to transmit data is also treated.
Two-Stage Step-up Converter with Different Voltage Transformation Ratios depending on the Duty Cycle
(2022)
A two-stage converter with high output voltage
ratio and reduced current stress of the inductors and partly
reduced voltage stress is discussed. The function is explained
with the help of voltage and current diagrams. The voltage
transformation ratio changes between a quadratic step-up for
duty cycles lower 0.5 and a double Boost converter for duty
cycles higher than 0.5. Dimensioning hints, the control law for
feed-forward controls, the transient when the supply is turned on
is discussed and some simulations are given. A comparison to
other two-stage converters is also treated.
Although various standards and guidelines for accessible design exist, many modern digital devices lack even basic accessibility features. In particular, touchscreens without haptic feedback and a highly complex menu navigation impose serious hurdles for many people – especially for people with disabilities and elderly persons. In this work, we present the Universal Access Panel (UAP) for enabling barrier-free access to home appliances and IoT devices. The system offers a novel, radically simple, multimodal user interface consisting of just a few interaction elements for accessing dedicated functions of the connected home. Using established APIs and communication protocols such as HomeConnect or OpenHab, various domestic appliances, consumer products and smart home devices can be controlled from a single, multimodal interaction console. The system has been designed in cooperation with visually impaired accessibility experts and a user study was conducted with people from the target group. The results show a high overall usability of the prototype.
Equipping rooms used for medical purposes, like e.g., intensive care units,
is an expensive and time-consuming task. In order to avoid extensive subsequent
adjustments due to inappropriate layout visualization or geometric conditions
difficult to identify in 2D plans, it is of utmost importance to provide an optimal
planning environment to future users such as physicians and nurses. In this paper
we present the concept of a fully automatized pipeline, which is designed to
visualize computer aided design (CAD) data using virtual reality (VR). The
immersive VR experience results in improvement of efficiency in the decision-
making process during the planning phase due to better spatial imagination. The
pipeline was successfully tested with CAD data from existing Intensive Care Units.
The results indicate that the pipeline can be a valuable tool in the field of spatial
planning in healthcare, due to simple usage and fast conversion of CAD data. The
next step will be the development of a plugin for CAD tools to allow for interactions
with the CAD models in Virtual Reality, which is not yet possible without manual
intervention